When we go through a learning experience, we unconsciously absorb these experiences differently – depending on our preference. Honey and Mumford (1986) outlines four different learning styles which are Activist, Theorist, Pragmatist and Reflectors. The theory asserts that each one of us prefers one learning style, or at maximum two.
- Activist – the “Okay… what if I…” learner
Activists are doers; they enjoy performing experiments and carrying out plans in the real world. They are good at thinking at their feet and change their plans spontaneously in response to new information. This type of learner would typically use a trial-and-error approach to learn as they need to see results done by their own hands! - Theorist – the “what is there that I can know?” learner
Theorists, as the word entails, they like to understand and think. They are very much invested in abstract ideas than in people and not necessarily bothered with practical applications of theories. This type of learner perhaps has the most cognitive approach, as they prefer to think than to act. With all of the ideas and understanding behind the experience, when theorists learn, they would need a little bit of convincing from the mentor. Theorists might need clarification as to why such things should make sense. - Pragmatist – “Okay… but how” learner
Think about things and then try out their ideas to see if they work in practice. Facts is important to them and they will seek to make things efficient by making small and careful changes. Pragmatists do not resort to conceptual ideas and recreations unless they are convinced that these concepts are practical in their lives. As this type of learner has a good idea about the experience, they would prefer learning through demonstration from experts. - Reflector – the “Why?” learner
Reflectors take their learning experiences and think deeply about them. They would diverge from a single experience to multiple possibilities. They like to ask ‘why’ and start from detail to logically work up to the big picture. Reflectors have the friendly traits and like to work with others but like to remain calm as conflicts might lead them to be distressed. This type of learner would appreciate being briefed before proceeding.
These learning styles are very useful for mentors in any field, as it gives us the benefit to prepare activities that are best suited for the learners. The theory believes that each individual would prefer one learning style and at maximum two.